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Peace work during election periods : Challenge and opportunities

We decided to devote the sixth edition of “Building Peace” to the sub- ject of “Peace work during election periods”. This is because our partner organisations and peace workers in DRC, Sierra Leone, Liberia and Cameroon, as well as the partner organisations and colleagues from AGEH in Burundi and DRC, were and remain concerned by the chal- lenge the election process represents for those who are working to reduce divisions and build peace and stability. The events surrounding the elections in Guinea and particularly in Côte d’Ivoire have destabilised the whole of West Africa. Sierra Leone and Liberia are greatly influenced by the situations of their neighbours, if only due to the influx of refugees they receive. Our colleague Shecku Kawusu Mansaray, CPS/EED coordinator, conducted a survey in Free- town, Sierra Leone, to gather the opinions of the population regarding the forthcoming elections and the situation in the region.

We have also included an interview of Cameroonian philosopher and political scientist Achille Mbembe on the lessons to be drawn from the situation in Côte d’Ivoire and election processes in Africa.

Burundi and Rwanda held elections in 2010. Our colleagues Apolli- naire Niyongabo from the Burundi Episcopal Justice and Peace Com- mission and Christian Kuijstermans, coordinator of the CPS/AGEH programme in the Great Lakes region, present their analyses. We have also included excerpts from articles published by academic Mahmoud Mamdani on the election situation in his native Uganda. The elections in DRC and Cameroon are scheduled for the end of 2011.

In April 2011 in Goma, the members of the CPS network in DRC, partner organisations and peace workers of EED and AGEH, devised principles for peace actors during election periods, which we are also including. Also featured in this publication is an article from Onesphore Sema-tumba of Pole Institute in Goma on the electoral issues and challenges facing DRC. Marie José Mavinga, national CPS/EED coordinator in DRC, gives an example of the role of peace workers in such a situation. Desirée Lwambo and Albert Mushiarhamina Kengo of HEAL Africa in Goma share the results and analyses of their research on women’s participation in the political process in DRC.

Angèle Mazimi and Pierre Fichter of CRAFOD in Bas Congo elabo- rate on their organisation’s work in preparing the elections. Odile Bula Bula and Jessie Bohr of the RIO in Bukavu summarise their organisations’ initiatives during the last elections in 2006.

Contents

Introduction .............................................7

by Flaubert Djateng and Christiane Kayser

Electionsandpeacework:adifficultequation... ...............10

by Christiane Kayser

Elections in Sierra Leone and Liberia seen by the population – Interview with a cross-section of Sierra Leoneans on the up-coming elections inLiberia2011andSierraLeone2012 ........................15

by Shecku Kawusu Mansaray

“The democracy that is emerging in Côte d’Ivoire is devoid of ethics” – Cameroonian historian and philosopher Achille Mbembe shares his views on the crisis in Côte d’Ivoire . . . 28

by Achille Mbembe and Sabine Cessou

Elections in Cameroon: the exclusion of young people . . . . . . . . . . 34

by Flaubert Djateng

TheGreatLakesRegion:theelectoralstakes .................42

by Christian Kuijstermans

MamdanionUganda .....................................49

by Sean Jacobs

2011–2013electionsinDRC:Backgroundandchallenges .......53

by Onesphore Sematumba

Principles and rules for peace work in election times by the Civil Peace Service Network in the DR Congo and Burundi (Goma,April2011) .......................65

The elections and identity issues: whatrolecanCPSpeaceworkersplay? ......................67

by Marie José Mavinga Kumba

Women’s participation, but in which systems of governance? – A study of local level decision-making bodiesineasternDRC ....................................72

by Albert Mushiarhamina Kengo and Desiree Lwambo

CRAFOD and election support to population groups topromotepeacecultureintheBas-Congoprovince ...........78

by Angèle Mazimi and Pierre Fichter

RIO’s experience in terms of the elections in DR Congo . . . . . . . . . 85

by Odile Bula Bula and Jessie Bohr

The Catholic Church, via the Episcopal Justice and Peace Commission (CEJP) – Burundi, played a key role duringthelastelections ..................................87 by Apollinaire Niyongabo

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